Actions

In order to achieve the objectives of the Project, two methods for landfill gas/biogas upgrading through carbon dioxide removal, coupled with carbon dioxide capture and storage will be considered for demonstration purpose.

The first proposed method is based on chemical absorption of carbon dioxide with an alkaline aqueous solution, accompanied by regeneration of the spent solution and production and recovery of stable alkaline carbonates by mixing with calcium- or magnesium-bearing industrial residues as Waste-to-Energy fly or bottom ashes, steel slag and cement wastes. In this kind of process carbon dioxide is fed through a contactor where it reacts with an alkaline solution (KOH; NaOH; etc.) producing a carbonates-rich solutions. This spent solution will be fed to a regeneration step, where it is mixed with alkaline industrial residues of a specific grain size that partially, depending on the type of residue, dissolve into the solution, leaching calcium and/or magnesium, that react with the carbonates producing a sludge rich in calcium or magnesium carbonate and a regenerated alkaline solution, that is recycled to the absorption column.

The second proposed method is based on chemical reaction of carbon dioxide directly with bottom ashes. In this kind of process the contact is direct between the gas containing the carbon dioxide and the solid residues with the result of an accelerated carbonation of the solid residues and carbon dioxide up-take.

In order to pursuit the objectives of the project, the following actions will be undertaken, in reference to the two methods preliminary described above.

Action 0 – A0 - Project management and EC communication

Action 1 - A1 - Preliminary evaluations

Action 2 – A2 - Pilot plants sizing and construction

Action 3 – A3 - Pilot plants operation

Action 4 – A4 – Technical and economical assessment

Action 5 – A5 - Environmental assessment

Action 6 - A6 - Dissemination and external communication